Frecuencia de molestias osteomusculares en las manos en una población de trabajadores de una fábrica arrocera de Jamundí - Valle. Noviembre de 2004

Abstract

The musculoskeletal disorders in hands, the majority have a multifactorial origin; is like said results of one combination of repetition movements and pull forces. That go overing the physiological limits of the joints. The majority of the activietis need to use the hands for direct or medium tool and machine use. The hands are the part of the body that could be afected with major frecuently by expose to diverse risk facts that was produced by workers labor are redeeming in the factory. Into the musculoskeletal disorders that are localized in the hands the most frecuently in laboral populations is carpal tunel síndrome with a frecuency of 9.2% in Colombia and 15-24% in a world level, this síndrome is very disability and cause laboral abscent afecting the economy and producing a lot of costs in health resources and wasted laboral days. Objetives: the porpouse of this investigation project is determine the frecuency of the muculoskeletal disorders in the hands of jamundi (valle, Colombia) rice factory workers that aaccept to colaborate in the study. The study have an association of some ergonomical risk facts in the neck and muculoskeletal disorders in the hands and anothers not ergonomical facts. Method: was made acrossectional cut study , considering the population like object of study. The 55 workers that carry necesary requierements to take the information was used a modification of RULA ( rapid, upper, limb assesment) cuestionary to evaluate ergonomical risk that is derivated of physical charge(load) adding another variables of laboral carcterization. Medical antecedents relationated with muculoskeletal disorders in hands and semiological demostrations of tinel, phallen and flick individualiting to rigth and left superior member. The data base was constructed in exel 2000 and estadistic package SPSS 0.11 paradox version . The analisis of the information was made with Chi quarter prove and the aplication of fisher exactliy test. Results: was found in the cuestionated workers a prevalence of muculoskeletal disorders in hands a quantity of 12.7%. The bivarible analisis throught destacated data of 27% between packed work and musculoskeletal disoders in hands, 9.09% between musculoskeletal disoders in hands antecedents and wrist extended in 0 to 15º grades; 12.7% rigth wrist off the track of the medium line and musculoskeletal disorders in hands antecedents; 9.09% right wrist turn and muculoskeletal disorders in hands; 9.09% left wrist turn and musculoskeletal disoders in hands ; 85.45% rigth dominance and left tinel sign and 12.72% left dominance and left tinel sign like variables and significative relations, between left flick sign and dominance: right 47(85.45%) and left 7 (12.72%), for this study was found that the area most afected with muculoskeletal disorders in hands is packaged area it could be a manual component of laboral redeem or could be lashin with the genre because big part of the population are female. Conclusions: the results of this study said that the muculoskeletal disorders in hands are a problem that require take control in the factory that be the object of study and they be directly relationated with repeatedly kind of work, patology antecedents, extreme positions and sustained of implicated joints. The results of this investigation could help to the responsibles of the ocupational health area of the company studied to intercede in this problem having in mind the request that give this study to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders in hands. Key words: Joint, phallen, tinel, flick, rice factory, carpal tunel sindrome, Jamundi, Valle, Colombia.